Top 10 Common Causes of High Uric Acid and How to Avoid Them

Causes of Elevated Uric Acid in the Body

Elevated uric acid levels in the blood, known as hyperuricemia, occur when your body either produces too much uric acid or fails to excrete enough of it. Uric acid is a waste product formed when the body breaks down substances called purines, which are found naturally in the body and many foods.

Here’s a breakdown of the main causes:

Diet High in Purines

Foods rich in purines can lead to an increase in uric acid production. These include:

Red meat and organ meats (liver, kidney)

Seafood (sardines, anchovies, shellfish)

Alcohol, especially beer

Sugary beverages and foods high in fructose (e.g., soda, candy)

Impaired Kidney Function

The kidneys play a key role in filtering uric acid from the blood. If kidney function is reduced, uric acid may accumulate in the body.

Chronic kidney disease

Dehydration (reduces kidney filtration)

Certain medications (like diuretics)

Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

Being overweight can increase uric acid production and reduce its elimination through the kidneys. Obesity is also linked with:

Insulin resistance

High blood pressure

High triglyceride levels

These factors together can contribute to elevated uric acid.

 Medical Conditions

Several health conditions are associated with hyperuricemia:

Gout – Caused directly by uric acid crystal buildup in joints

Type 2 Diabetes

High blood pressure (hypertension)

Hypothyroidism

Psoriasis

Leukemia or lymphoma – Due to high cell turnover

Genetics

Some people inherit a tendency to produce too much uric acid or have difficulty excreting it. A family history of gout or kidney stones increases your risk.

Medications

Certain drugs can raise uric acid levels, including:

Diuretics (water pills)

Low-dose aspirin

Immunosuppressants (like cyclosporine)

Chemotherapy drugs

Excessive Alcohol Consumption

Alcohol interferes with uric acid elimination and increases its production, particularly:

Beer (high in purines)

Spirits and wine (affect metabolism and kidney function)

Crash Dieting and Fasting

Rapid weight loss or fasting can increase the breakdown of cells, leading to more purine release and higher uric acid production.

High Fructose Intake

Fructose, found in many sweetened beverages and processed foods, increases purine metabolism and uric acid production.

Stress and Inflammation

Chronic stress and systemic inflammation can affect metabolism and kidney function, indirectly influencing uric acid levels.

Conclusion

Elevated uric acid is often influenced by a combination of diet, lifestyle, health conditions, and genetics. Identifying and addressing the root cause is essential to prevent complications like gout, kidney stones, and cardiovascular issues. If you're concerned about uric acid levels, consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and management.